• Outcome
• Situation

• Survival and livelihoods protection threshold
• Food Security and Nutrition
• Food Security and Nutrition Situation

Change in food consumption patterns is generally measured by two indicators: - the Food Consumption Score (FCS) and - Household Dietary Diversity Score [HDDS] (either one of them or the two together). Frequency of meals can also be used as proxy for food consumption patterns. The FCS is a composite indicator that measures dietary diversity, food frequency and the relative nutritional importance of food groups based on a seven day recall of food consumed at household level. The HDDS is the simple sum of the number of food groups consumed at HH level based on a 24h recall (from 0 to 12). Both the FCS and HDDS are used as proxy indicators of household access to food as studies have shown that an increase in dietary diversity is associated with socio-economic status and household food security. The FCS is used to classify the observed population into three groups (with poor, borderline and acceptable consumption).

Geography/Livelihoods zone; Head of household’s gender, age, disabilities, chronic diseases, dependency ratio, and any other relevant criteria, such as urban/rural context, religious, ethnic or political identities; Wealth groups; Livelihoods group (e.g. pastoralist, farmers, traders); Period to achieve the objective;

• Increase (number)

Both secondary and primary data collection can be used according to context. Baseline/Endline. If multiyear programme consider also a mid-term evaluation Secondary data. Reliable/relevant sources from other actors, clusters or government. Seasonality needs to be considered. Data Collection methods: Secondary data analysis; Households Survey, Focus Group Discussion; Key Informant Interviews;

• Food security

Significant Change. To be compared with pre-crisis baseline. Can be measured by several indicators including FCS (food consumption score) and HDDS (household dietary diversity score). Baseline (situation): How have food consumption patterns changed as a result of the crisis? Progress: Measuring results attributable to projects that aim to improve access to food? Examples: The food consumption score indicator can also be reported as percentage of HH in poor, borderline or acceptable categories as a proxy of food insecurity. The same goes for the HDDS where reporting can be done showing HH percentage by number of food groups they consume”. - Both FCS and HDDS are designed to reflect household dietary diversity, on average, among all members. It is possible that certain groups (i.e. people working far from home and eating outside) can have a different dietary pattern compared to the rest of the family members. - In a large assessment it would be important to have disaggregation by urban and rural data as these indicators behave differently in those settings. For details on methodology: Guidelines for measuring household and individual dietary diversity: http://www.fao.org/docrep/014/i1983e/i1983e00.pdf Food consumption analysis: Calculation and use of the food consumption score in food security analysis: http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/manual_guide_proced/wfp197216.pdf