• Outcome
• Impact

• Food Security and Nutrition

Increased household dietary diversity suggests improved food security among vulnerable households, proxy for improved nutritional status. The average number of different food groups consumed by households/individual over a given reference period (normally past 24 hours). HDDS/IDDS calculates the number of different food groups consumed, rather than the number of different foods consumed as a way of determining diversity in both macro- and micronutrients consumed. The HDDS is used as a proxy measure of a household's economic access to food. In contrast, the Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) (previously IDDS) is a measure of the nutritional quality of children's diets. Essential for programmes aiming for improved access to food. An increase in the average number of different food groups consumed provides a quantifiable measure of improved household food access. The HDDS should be compared to a target (HDDS of wealthier households or HDDS of the baseline). There is no threshold defined of a minimum number of food groups; changes in comparison to baseline are measured.

Geography/Livelihoods zone; Head of household’s gender, age, disabilities, chronic diseases, dependency ratio, and any other relevant criteria, such as urban/rural context, religious, ethnic or political identities; Wealth groups; Livelihoods group (e.g. pastoralist, farmers, traders); Period to achieve the objective;

• Increase (number)

Both secondary and primary data collection can be used according to context. Baseline/Endline. If multiyear programme depending on comparison requirements between lean season and other seasons, consider an interim reporting/evaluation Secondary data. Reliable/relevant sources from other actors, clusters or government. Data Collection methods: Secondary data analysis; Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), KPC or KAP surveys, food security and nutrition surveys;

• Food security

The overall sum of the number of food groups consumed by members of the household (from a fixed set of 12 food groups) divided by the Total number of households surveyed The 12 food groups used are*: 1. Cereals (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 2. Roots and tubers (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 3. Vegetables (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 4. Fruits (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 5. Meat, poultry (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 6. Eggs (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 7. Fish and seafood (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 8. Pulses, legumes, nuts(Yes/ No/ Don't know) 9. Milk and milk products (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 10. Oil, fats (foods cooked in oils) (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 11. Sugar, honey, etc. (Yes/ No/ Don't know) 12. Miscellaneous (condiments, tea, coffee, etc.). (Yes/ No/ Don't know) To document changes data should be collected at the same time of the year and during the period of greatest food shortage (immediately prior to the harvest). Longer recall periods than 24 hours result in less accurate information. Previous 24 hours should be 'normal' for the household (e.g. no funeral or feast and most household members present) and the recall should exclude foods purchased AND eaten outside the home. If it is common to purchase AND consume considerable proportions of the diet outside the home, you may want to consider using the individual level Women's Dietary Diversity Score instead. HDDS refers to the household as a whole (all household members) and not to a single member. - Needs to consider seasonality as DD will change with pre- and post-harvest season, vegetable planting and milk season, festival season etc. - Needs to be monitored for all FSL project.