The objective of the first step of the “Assessment” module is to guide the assessment team through the framework for needs assessment to design livelihood projects and/or responses. Relevant Documents:

The objective of the second step of the “Assessment” module is to identify livelihood zones and groups, wealth groups and their assets (capitals), aiming at organising information, and focusing on the most vulnerable groups. In addition, following the model of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework, this second step analyses the context, mainly aspects relating to “structures and processes”, as well as to the “vulnerability context”.

As a result of the previous step, we have a first approach to the most affected or vulnerable livelihood and wealth groups, to carry out further analysis. Therefore, this third step of the “Assessment” module aims at identifying the impact and the gap in needs of the most vulnerable groups. To this end, using the HEA or the HES approach, we assess the change in sources of, and access to food; the change in income and expenditure, and the coping strategies adopted.

Similarly, this step includes assessment of intra-household impact and how the crisis/emergency affects differently the women, children and elderly.

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To assess needs and identify the livelihood response, it is essential (as with other sectors) to understand the situation of the markets or the impact of the disaster on them. Thus, the aim of this fourth step is identifying and assessing markets, including prices, supply chain, capacity, etc.

This final step of the “Assessment” module aims at gathering information on priority livelihood needs (in the short and mid term) and on preferences of the affected population, as well as on the extent to which these needs have been addressed by (existing or planned) responses of other stakeholders present in the assessment area.

This first step of Module 2, “Response Analysis”, mainly provides guidance on setting up an integrated analysis framework, so that our response analysis is not only focused on livelihood analysis but considers the inclusion of cross-cutting issues (such as gender or climate change), as well as the responses in other sectors.

The objective of this first step is to provide an adequate and integrated framework to analyse all the interrelations of the response, in order to reduce the vulnerability of the affected population and to build its resilience to future crises.

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The objective of this second step of Module 2, “Response Analysis”, is collecting and analysing information gathered in the assessment phase on identified problems (impact) and their causes, as well as on existing needs in the short, medium and long term, with the final aim of determining possible interventions.

This implies understanding the situation, the resources, the opportunities and the response of the population to the crisis (coping strategies).

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The objective of the third step of Module 2, “Response Analysis”, is to complement data from the analysis of potential responses in step 2 (impact, problems, needs and response options), with other equally essential issues in order to identify existing gaps and adequacy of the different types of interventions (response options), such as mapping other stakeholders’ responses, or the sustainability and risk analysis. Other documents:

The objective of this fourth step of Module 2, “Response Analysis”, is to analyse and compare the different response options identified in previous steps, considering aspects already analysed (population’s needs and priorities, responses by other stakeholders, risk analysis, etc.), and adding other relevant criteria (expected impact, estimated cost, etc.), to allow assessment and decision about the most appropriate responses.

The objective of this last step of Module 2, “Response Analysis”, is to define the livelihood response, after deciding on the most appropriate responses. To this end, we revisit the specification of objectives and indicators, and define the draft plan of action.

The Plan of Action document is the deliverable/output of the “Needs Assessment” and “Response Analysis” phases and, in turn, it defines and determines the next phase of “Set-up and Implementation”.

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“Programme Set-up” is the first step of Module 3, “Set-up and Implementation”. This step re-uses tools and guidance from the last step of Module 2, “Design Proposed Intervention”. 

Usually, some time elapses (less or more, depending on context, type of crisis and organisation), between definition of the draft plan of action and implementation. This is the reason we start Module 3 with a recap and review of the plan of action, and drawing up of the livelihood project/programme.

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As a second step of Module 3, “Implementation”, we introduce a basic aspect to consider throughout the implementation process, as well as during monitoring and evaluation (next module): “beneficiary communication and accountability”.

This requires identifying and setting up mechanisms that allow and ensure two-way communication and transparent accountability throughout the whole project/programme, from the start of implementation.

After reviewing issues related to the adaptation and revision of the plan of action, and the definition and implementation of a communication and accountability plan, Module 3 takes us, in this third step, though the first stage of direct implementation on the ground.

This third step, therefore, includes targeting, registration of beneficiaries and activities, development of baselines and implementation.

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This Module 3, “Set-up and Implementation”, concludes with the fourth step, the main objective of which is to provide implementing organisations with templates and forms for agreements and service contracts with different types of stakeholders, from other local partners and organisations, beneficiaries and communities, to financial services and local providers.

This last module of the livelihood toolbox, “Monitoring and Evaluation”, starts with the definition of the reference framework. This offers guidance and tools relevant to the final objective of defining the monitoring and evaluation plan of the livelihood project/programme, from its start (identification and drawing up) to its conclusion (impact assessment). Relevant Documents:

The objective of this second step of the “Monitoring and Evaluation” module is to analyse the evolution of the context, in general situational aspects, and in specific aspects associated with the market or the development of other stakeholders’ responses, given the impact they may have on the project/programme being implemented.

Context and situation indicators must be integrated in the monitoring plan defined in the previous step. This step therefore recapitulates and highlights the importance of continued monitoring of those aspects which contribute towards the achievement of the expected objectives and impact.

The last step of the “Monitoring and Evaluation” module aims at offering tools and guidance for the monitoring and evaluation of the livelihood project/programme implementation, from the continuous monitoring of objectives, processes and project quality, to the final evaluation of the project’s relevant aspects (impact, lessons learned, etc.), and the use and communication of that information. Relevant Documents:

This guide is one of the results of a global project leaded by the IFRC Livelihoods Resource Centre (LRC) to strengthen the livelihoods response capacities of organisations, supported by the Humanitarian Office of the European Comission (ECHO). Eight pilots were carried out in different countries and informed on the development of this step-by-step enhancing of livelihoods response capacity and preparedness guidance. These pilots were implemented by the Nicaraguan Red Cross, Peruvian Red Cross, Senegalese Red Cross, Mauritanian Red Cross, Viet Nam Red Cross, Timor Leste Red Cross, and Intermón Oxfam country offices in Nicaragua and Dominican Republic.

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